THE IMPROVEMENT OF NATIONAL COLOR IN THE URDU TRANSLATION OF “BABURNAMA”

Abstract

This article provides information about the Urdu translations of the masterpiece «Baburnama»  by our great compatriot Zahiruddin Muhammad Babur (1483-1530). «Babur¬na¬ma» is known to have been translated into many languages around the world, including four Urdu translations. These translations were made by different translators at different times.

«Baburnama» was first translated into Urdu from the original, that is, from the Turkic-Chigatai language, by Mirza Nasiruddin Haydar Koragoni. According to information, this translation was made in 1898, but it was not possible to publish the translation during the author’s lifetime. Later, in 1926, Кoragoni's children published the work in Delhi. The translation of Кoragoni that came into our hands was republished in 1962 by the Book Land publishing house in Karachi.

«Baburnama» was also translated by Rashid Akhtar Nadavi. This translation was first published in 1965 and then in 1991 by Sang-e-meel in Lahore, Pakistan and consists of 287 pages. The book has a four-page preface written by the translator and a six-page table of contents.

Another Urdu translation of «Baburnama» was made from Persian by Indian Professor Yunus Jafari and this translation was published in England.

Another Urdu translation of «Baburnama» was done by Muhammad Qasim Siddiqui. This translation was originally published in Delhi in 1983 by the Taraqqi Urdu Bureau. In 2010, the second, completed edition of this translation was published by Qaumi Council Bara-e-Farogh-e-Urdu Zaban in Delhi. Professor Muhammad Hamidullah Bhat wrote the foreword to it.

The translations by Yunus Jafari, Rashid Akhtar Nadavi and Muhammad Qasim Siddiqui are indirect translations from Persian.

In the masterpiece of Zahiriddin Muhammad Babur «Baburnama» there are many nationally specific words-realities in the description of geographical areas, literary portraits, names of people, natural landscapes, musical instruments, clothing, as well as the world of animals and plants. This article presents a comparative analysis of Mirza Nasiruddin Haydar Koragoni's translation of national color, national characteristic words, as well as the features of the author's style in translation.