THE SIGNIFICANCE OF HU SHI'S LANGUAGE REFORMS IN THE FORMATION OF MODERN CHINESE POETRY

Abstract

• Hu Shi (1891-1962) is considered a prominent figure among 20th-century Chinese literary scholars. His literary theories, particularly his perspectives on creating new poetry in the baihua language, played a crucial role in the renewal of Chinese literature. Hu Shi is known for advocating the revitalization of Chinese literary traditions and reshaping them based on modern demands. His reforms profoundly impacted not only the linguistic sphere but also the cultural and social processes of modernization. In the early stages of his career, Hu Shi endeavored to enrich traditional Chinese poetry with modern artistic expressions. However, over time, he shifted his paradigm towards new poetry and vigorously promoted the idea of new democratic and more dialogue-oriented poetry, completely abandoning traditional styles. This process was particularly propelled by the widespread use of baihua in literature, making poetry more accessible to the general public. Hu Shi’s efforts in promoting baihua poetry contributed to the democratization of literature, bringing it closer to the masses and significantly influencing cultural and social processes. His innovations made a crucial contribution to the development of Chinese poetry and literature as a whole.