COPULATIVE PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS IN PASHTO

Abstract

In linguistics, especially in Afghan linguistics, the issue of copulative phraseological units is of scientific and practical importance. The boundary of this unit requires defining a clear criterion. Issues related to copulative phraseological units in Pashto appear briefly in the grammatical essays of some orientalists, but among them the analysis of this topic is recorded in a short and very general way. After several theoretical studies, the idea of ​​copulative phraseological units has expanded in linguistics over time, but its classification in Pashto language studies has not yet been reflected. If we take into account that the research on the issue was published fifty years ago and that the issue of copulative phraseological units is considered as a component of the general issues of Pashto lexicology and that this topic was not a separate research object, it will be known how relevant and important the topic is for Afghan linguistics. The analysis of the works of Afghan linguists showed that no specific criteria of copulative phraseological units have been developed in the Pashto language. This made it necessary to study this topic separately. Determining the different signs of copulative phraseological units has an effect on the process of lexicographic research and translations. For this reason, it is considered appropriate to distinguish copulative phraseological units. In this article, based on the analysis of theoretical views on the topic and the classification of collected factual materials, models of copulative phraseological units, the order of components, pairs, terms, synonymous and single-stem paired compounds, verb phraseology with several components, their functions and the differences are discussed. It becomes clear that, according to the structure of the copulative phraseological unit in Pashto, it is equivalent to a word combination that has a lexical content, semantically it means a whole, generalized meaning, is not created in the process of speech, but is introduced into the speech ready. Copulative phraseological units are stable word combinations belonging to one grammatical line, among the components, the variant of او aw of the connecting link و u was also observed.