“YER ISLOHOTI” GʻOYASIGA MUNOSABAT VA TALQINLAR

Abstract

One of the largest reforms carried out in Turkestan during the colonial period of the 20s of the twentieth century is called “Land and Water Reform”. The motto of this "reform" was "distribution of the property of large landowners among landless peasants in order to protect the interests of the poor" in accordance with the ideology of the colonial government. More attention to the statistics of this process is paid in the historiography of this period. Also, “Land reform” is not covered in detail in most sources and studies. This is because the main propaganda material of colonial policy served the interests of the official government, and most of the surviving archival materials are reports of ruling policies.

An important aspect of the objective study of the process is its determination through source analysis of local sources and historical documents. Most of the sources of this type have been preserved in Turkic, Arabic and Persian languages of the Arabic script of that time. In particular, evidence of the contents of each document refers to sources on fiqh, Islamic law. To do this, it is necessary to analyze based on knowledge of Islamic studies. Otherwise, the result of historiographic research based on official archival sources may naturally repeat conclusions that serve the interests of the policy of the colonial government.

The article examines the interpretation of “land reform” in the official government press using the example of the article “The Clergy on Land Reform”, published in No. 279 of the newspaper “Pravda Vostoka” for 1926. The process of researching the religious fatwa document to which this article is devoted raises initial doubts, and the discovery of the original copy of this document in the archive and its detailed study ultimately leads to preliminary conclusions about the attitude of local scientists. Analysis of materials published on the topic “Land Reform” in the magazines “Al-Islah” and “Al-Iza”, which are printed publications of the “Shurai Islamiya” and “Ulama” societies, allows us to draw new conclusions about the relationship between local citizens and ulema about this reform of the colonial government.

As a result of the "Land Reform" policy, private property and local lands were transferred to the state, and poor peasants were allowed to use them for a certain period of time.