Philosophical and religious justification of happiness in the teachings of Arab-Muslim thinkers

Abstract

This article discusses and analyzes the features in the justification of happiness and ways to achieve it by famous scientists and philosophers of the Arab-Muslim medieval East. A review of the thematic literature shows the ever-increasing interest of researchers in the problem of happiness, and the growth of publications on this topic in scientific journals, which is naturally accompanied by increased attention to many aspects. This is probably because recent studies of ongoing world transformational processes have begun to dominate philosophy. And serious attention is paid to the "transitional period", which is a new social reality that needs to be mastered to find special life supports that allow society to fully live. Namely, life, as you know, needs meaning, and clear goals that could fill our future with worthy content. And so the fundamental problems of human existence, including those related to the comprehension of happiness, regain their relevance. Consequently, the problem of human happiness has always occupied one of the most prominent places in philosophical thought since its inception. At the same time, true happiness as the desired goal, the highest good, the possible and achievable state of human existence, is one of the main themes of the philosophical and religious discourse of Eastern and Western thinkers. In particular, the classics of philosophical and religious thought from Central Asia to Western Europe, among which the names of al-Farabi, Ibn Sina, al-Ghazali, Ibn Baja, Ibn Rushd, and al-Suhrawardi stand out, through their works tried to share with people special spiritual feelings about finding happiness. In their teachings, a culture of being associated with good deeds, noble thoughts, spirituality, and mercy can be traced. The article concludes that the Arab-Muslim philosophers' humanistic thoughts can be projected into the world and therefore have practical significance for an ideal society.