THE REFLECTION OF THE IDEAS OF PEOPLE'S WELL-BEING IN ABU YUSUF'S WORK “KITAB AL-KHARAJ”.

Abstract

Abu Yusuf is one of the most important figures in the Islamic world who lived in the last quarter of the 8th century. He is a thinker who made a great contribution to the development of Islamic science, and his contributions to the development of the Hanafi madhhab, one of the schools of jurisprudence, are considered great. The article mentions the personality of Abu Yusuf and his scientific heritage, in particular, his great efforts for national peace, material and spiritual life of citizens. Especially Abu Yusuf's development of the tax system, the description of the types of taxes based on one by one accurate calculations, greatly helped the Islamic countries in the subsequent management system.

The period in which Abu Yusuf lived is considered the period of Ummavi and early Abbasid rule in the Islamic world. Although there were disturbances in the caliphate, the atmosphere of Islamic knowledge was preserved. Abu Yusuf is a product of the political, religious, scientific, social and economic environment of his time. Accordingly, the thoughts, problems and proposals that reflect his views reflect his scientific methodology. Because the presence of a number of companions and subordinates during his lifetime gave the opportunity to preserve knowledge for the scholars who were growing up in their footsteps. One such scholar is Abu Hanifa, and Abu Yusuf is considered the best student of this scholar.

Yakub Abu Yusuf, one of the great scholars of the Islamic world, made a great contribution to the development of science and culture through his socio-philosophical views. First of all, it should be mentioned that the socio-political situation played a big role in the development of Abu Yusuf's tax system. Because it is analyzed that the transition to feudal relations in Arabia occurred together with the establishment of a single state with the emergence of Islam.

One of the most important works on socio-economic issues written by Islamic scholars in the early Middle Ages is Yaqub Abu Yusuf's "Kitab al-kharaj". In this work of Abu Yusuf, socio-economic relations in the society are widely covered. It is emphasized in the work that economic activity is an important direction of building a socially prosperous life.

If Abu Yusuf's views are carefully studied, it can be seen that his real goal is to increase the welfare of the people. He developed some socio-economic approaches to improve the welfare of society. It is revealed that issues such as the tax system, benefits, state-individual relations, fair judicial procedure are aimed at the welfare of the society.