GENESIS OF US FOREIGN POLICY IN THE SOUTH ASIA REGION (1947-2022)

Abstract

US foreign policy in the South Asian region is characterized by changeability and dynamism. The main purpose of this article is to reveal the constructivist aspects of US foreign policy in this region. The article used historical, comparative political, inductive and deductive scientific methods. The paper concludes that the US foreign policy in South Asia from the Cold War to the present day has consisted of ups and downs, the foreign policy vector has been directed either towards Pakistan or towards India, and today relations are mainly directed towards India .

The article includes the main seven periods of US foreign policy in the South Asian region. In particular, in 1947-1965, the attention of the United States in the region was focused on Pakistan, and in 1965-1979, due to the Vietnam War, it moved away from the region. The war of the USSR in Afghanistan, which took place in 1979-1989, again strengthens the importance of Pakistan in the foreign policy of the United States. In 1989-1998, the United States began to pursue a separate foreign policy with both India and Pakistan due to its pursuit of global hegemony. In 1998-2001, India and Pakistan are subject to US sanctions due to their nuclear weapons tests. Consequently, the War on Terror, which began in Afghanistan in 2001, increases the priority of Pakistan in the foreign policy of the United States. This continued until 2021, when the United States withdrew its forces from Afghanistan. Since the time of President Barack Obama, the role of India in the foreign policy of the United States has increased dramatically. During the period of D.Trump, this country was officially given the status of “Major Defense Partner”.

The article differs in that it is revealed from the standpoint of the theory of international relations of constructivism and can be useful in the work of specialists in this field.