WRITING AND ITS DEVELOPMENT STAGES

Abstract

The article analyzes the emergence, stages of formation, and developmental features of the art of bookmaking in Central Asia. The author provides information on the advent of lithographic printing, its key stages, and their socio-political and cultural significance. The study explores the historical perspective on the beginnings of paper production, its types, and development processes. Additionally, the article highlights the emergence of calligraphy and bookmaking schools in Central Asia, the perfection of this art, and its influence on the advancement of printing technologies. Various printing methods, including xylography and lithography, are also examined. The article further discusses the role and significance of book printing in the cultural contexts of Central Asia and Europe.