Sharqshunoslik. Востоковедение. Oriental Studies

IN THE CREATIONS OF UZBEK AND ARABIC LITERATURE ARTISTIC INTERPRETATION OF THE "OLD SCHOOL" SYSTEM

Shaxlo Ahmedova — 2024-11-07

This article observes the image of "old school" in the works of Arab-Uzbek writers. In the Middle Ages, the common Islamic civilization went through the stages of great cultural, scientific and literary growth in its development.Islamic enlightenment required a righteous Muslim to be aware of divine and worldly knowledge. The traditional Muslim education system is two-stage, the first is the school, which provides basic knowledge, writing, reading, Tasks such as memorizing the Qur'an were assigned. Then, the educational process moved to secondary and higher religious educational institutions-madrasas. Clerks and schoolmasters, secretaries (employees) for state offices were trained there. Madrasahs were often opened near large mosques. In our region, there were schools and madrasahs in every city. In the madrasahs, religious studies - interpretation of the Holy Qur'an, hadiths, laws of Sharia along with medicine, astrology, mathematics, philosophy, geography and other subjects are taught. Our great scholars known all over the world received this traditional Muslim education.

Also, this article talks about the fact that by the late Middle Ages, primary educational centers-schools have lost their former essence and turned into an institution that mainly teaches the alphabet and memorizes the Holy Qur'an without explaining its meaning well.By the new era, such schools were cut off from life in providing education and completely did not respond to the changes taking place. Most of the time, they were taught by illiterate mullahs, who used only old traditional methods to teach children. In the new era, especially in the stage of enlightenment (XIX-early XX centuries), the need for new schools and modern education has become increasingly intense both in Turkestan and in the Arab world. The old school system was severely criticized. It is interesting to note that this process took place simultaneously in Turkestan and in the Arab world, although these regions are located far from each other. Fiction literature, which is a modern answer to the problems of life, approached the problem of the old school and found its expression in the works of enlightened writers Sadriddin Ainiy and Abdulla Avloni in Turkestan.

Sadriddin Ainiy in his work "Old School" shows the slowness of the education system of that time, the indifference of people, that they lived thinking about today and did not pay enough attention to the fate of their children.Along with Uzbek intellectuals, the novel "Days" ("Ayyam") by the great Arab writer Toha Husayn, "Mulla" by Surayya al-Baqsami, a well-known writer of Kuwaiti literature, and "Memories of Memory" by Sheikha al-Nakhi, a bright representative of the literature of the United Arab Emirates, are analyzed in the article. drawn. It is worth noting that the situation presented above in Sadriddin Aini's "Old School" is also seen in Toha Husayn's novel "Days" created in the 30s of the 20th century, as well as in the story "Mulla" by Surayyo Baqsami, created in the 70s of the 20th century.

INCREASING RADICALISM AND RELIGIOUS EXTREMISM IN EGYPT AND SYRIA AT THE END OF THE 20TH CENTURY - THE BEGINNING OF THE 21ST CENTURY INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL FACTORS

Sherbek Yodgorov — 2024-11-07

At the end of the 20th - beginning of the 21st century, the aggressiyeness of radical religious groups and religious extremist forces in the Middle East region became so widespread that the scale of the problem began to threaten not only national and regional security, but also global peace and stability in the region. The growth of radicalism and extremism in the two largest countries in the Middle East region - the Arab Republic of Egypt and the Syrian Arab Republic - forced governments to address this issue seriously. The reasons and factors for the radicalization of the population and the growth of religious extremism in the Arab countries of the Middle East are varied. The problem of terrorism resulting from this radicalization is a serious threat. The study of the causes of radicalism and extremism, which threaten security in interregional relations, is in the focus of attention of scientists in various fields of science. Analyzing the materials related to the topic within the framework of the study, one can see that most of them gave preference to a one-sided approach in covering the problem. This article attempts to reveal the true causes of the problem of radicalism and extremism, as well as the factors that cause this problem.

TRANSLATION OF PHRASEOLOGISMS IN MEDIA TEXTS (EXAMPLE OF ARABIC-UZBEK COMBINATIONS)

Dilshoda Mubarakova — 2024-11-07

This article analyzes groups of phraseological units and ways of their translation in the Arabic press. Translation methods are identified and analyzed, such as the use of equivalents (full, partial and selective); phraseological similarity, translation of a phraseological unit only in a specific context, copying, descriptive translation. The relevance of the study lies in the fact that at present a special place in the global information space is occupied by the Arabic-language press, and the volume of phraseology in the Arabic-language media also makes up a significant majority.

MAHMOUD KOSHGARI'S UYGHUR ALPHABET: LETTER AND SOUND RELATIONSHIPS

Qosimjon Sodiqov — 2024-10-30

Mahmud Kashgari, in his “Devonu lugati-t-turk”, gave information about the old Uyghur script and its alphabet. What the scholar has written about Turkish writing, the alphabet system he cites is very important for the history of Turkic languages and writing culture, especially in the study of the phonetic system, letter and sound relations of the written literary language of the Karakhanid period. Kashgari approached him as a knowledgeable, strong phonetist of the Karakhanid period language.

There are other Uyghur alphabets left over from the past. But none of them can be compared to the Kashgari alphabet and its explanations in its accuracy and completeness.

HISTORY OF THE EMERGENCE OF LEGAL TERMS IN CHINA AND THEIR TRANSLATION

Iroda Safarova — 2024-11-07

The constant updating and enrichment of the lexicology of the language contributes to the sectoral changes taking place in society, the emergence of a significant part of new language units. Thus, terms are an integral part of any industry or science, when we look at the history of the emergence of legal terms in China, we see that legal terminology has a long history, that terms characteristic of existing doctrines and their translation are important not only for that time, but also for modern legal terminology

QOSIMJON SODIQOVNING “DEVONU LUGʻOTI-T-TURK” ASARINI NASHRGA TAYYORLASHDAGI YONDASHUVLARI

Zilola Sattorova — 2024-11-07

The book “Dīwān Lughāt al-Turk” is an important source in Turkology. To this date, this book has been translated and published into Uzbek and several other foreign languages about 20 times. In particular, it was published for the first time in the Uzbek language by Solih Mutallibov in the 60s of the last century. In 2017, a revised, supplemented, and reformed new edition of this book was published. The author of this translation is a well-known scholar of Uzbek Turkic studies, Professor Kasimjon Sodikov. The article examines the approaches of Professor Kasimjon Sodikov in preparing the work for publication.

CHARACTERISTICS OF USING THE NAMES OF PRECIOUS STONES IN HINDI IN PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS

Sayyora Raximova — 2024-11-07

This article describes the use of phraseological units made up of the names of precious stones and metals in Hindi and their specific features. During the analysis, 30 phraseological units selected from Hindi. Most of these phraseological units had taken from Hindi proverb and sayings. In addition, the diagram clearly shows which phraseological units are included in all the phraseological units that make up the names of precious stones. Phraseological units formed with the name of precious stones in the Hindi language were divided into meaning types according to their characteristics. The goal is to determine which compound most of the collected examples belong to and to show their similarities and differences.

MILLIY ADABIYOT DAVRINING YO‘LBOSHCHI SHOIRI ZIYO GO‘KALP SHE’RIYATI

Nigora Azizova — 2024-11-07

This article analyzes the work of the Turkish enlightened poet Ziya Gokalp, especially his poems on the theme of the homeland. Poems such as “Turon” ("Türân"), “Homeland” ("Vatan"), “Turkishness” ("Türklük"), as well as the essence of the fairy tale "Miss without hands" ("Kolsuz Hanım"), source and content are studied. The inner experiences in Ziya Gokalp's poems, the life, history and future, joy and suffering of the Turkish people are described with examples. It was also mentioned that the patriotism, selflessness, bravery and courage of the lyrical heroes created on the basis of historical figures were shown as an example to the young generation. Information about the poet's life path, creative heritage, and his contribution to the Turkish language and literature were scientifically researched. The role of “Young writers” ("Genç Kalemler"), considered the first magazine of the period of national literature, is also mentioned in the article. An attempt was made to reveal the poet's views on Turkishness on the basis of the analysis of his scientific and artistic works. Attention was also paid to the opinions of Turkish literary experts about the poet's work.

LEGAL COMMUNICATION OF LIVING CULTURE AS A PERSONAL APPEARANCE

Ruxsora Elmuratova — 2024-11-07

The topic covered in the article is mainly the importance of legal communication in public administration in the Middle Ages. In books written in Muslim countries in the 9th-16th centuries, legal issues are mainly presented along with spiritual and educational, administrative or scientific approaches, so in many cases it is difficult to separate them from each other. At the same time, certain legal documents were developed and implemented. The information level of society is so important from the socio-political, economic and spiritual points of view that studying, researching and obtaining appropriate conclusions on the problems associated with this extremely complex and complex process requires special approaches from specialists. . So, is it possible to refer to the past with the criteria of the current era, when information is rapidly globalizing? For example, what role did information play in the governance of society in the kingdoms and states that ruled in the recent and distant past? So to say, were certain elements of the information society used in practice? If so, what are the mechanisms for their implementation? What were the forms of social communication in our current understanding of history?

Today's social need asks such questions to people of our age, including industry experts. After all, it is natural that various large and small states ruling in the territory of Central Asia have accumulated a unique experience in managing society. Moreover, no society can be imagined without social communication. Social communication also existed in the countries of the border period, which we chose as the object of study. Today, it is considered an urgent task to study the communicative procedures of those times as a manifestation of the spirituality of our people, as the specific roots of the modern information society.

ON PHONOLOGICAL FEATURES OF ANGLICISMS IN THE URDU LANGUAGE

Umida Zakirova — 2024-11-07

The article examines how, in an era of globalization that has resulted in a mingling of cultures and languages, a multicultural society emerges. This procedure is connected with a high level of tight cooperation in the exchange of information. Significant worldwide scientific and economic contacts, cultural interaction, and the development of new technologies need the progressive integration and active operation of new concepts and their word designs.

In the modern world, it is difficult to find other states such as India and Pakistan, in which the English language is used on such an unprecedented scale, and the Urdu language occupies less prestigious positions, especially in the highest bodies of state structures. Therefore, for the citizens of these countries, knowledge of the English language means as the most important condition for their successful career and future material well-being.

The nature of the English language's effect on Urdu is exhibited in a highly multidimensional fashion, which can be tracked at all levels. First and foremost, these are obvious lexical borrowings. New linguistic facts and intense processes in Urdu allow us to declare that English for Urdu is currently becoming the dominant language - a donor, the primary source for future richness and expansion of its vocabulary.

The article talks about the English loanwords into Urdu and the factors considered important in phonetic changes. Examples of modern English loanwords, which are now pronounced under the influence of Urdu and are an important part of it, have been collected from websites. In this case, increase, reduction or change of vowel sounds is considered. The opinions of scientists are also analyzed in this regard.

ARTISTIC EXPRESSION OF FAMILY RELATIONS AND WOMEN'S EXPERIENCES IN SPUJMAY ZARYOB'S STORIES

Nargiza Kabirova — 2024-11-07

Literature is a criterion that shows the level of spiritual development of every nation, and it is an expression of its spiritual and educational experiences. It is known that fiction, which embodies a great social power, has an active influence on the growth of human consciousness and the expansion of the scope of thinking, on the formation of aesthetic taste. In the development of Darizaban literature of Afghanistan, the development of the narrative genre in the direction of prose, the family relations and the role of women in the stories of Spujmay Zaryob, the plot of the stories and the structure of the composition, similar aspects of the Afghan realistic stories are analyzed. In this article, the formation of the narrative genre in the Darizaban literature of Afghanistan, the prose genres of this literature since the 60s and 70s of the 20th century, including the serious development of storytelling in the stories of Spujmay Zaryob, the truthful presentation of the problems of society and the bright, large-scale the use of various genre forms and artistic styles, researches are observed in the creation of images and characters. Modern Darizaban literature has succeeded in artistically depicting certain problems, disorders, inequality and violence in society. In the works of Spujmay Zaryob, various positive and complex views of the life of the society, how strong-willed a woman is, and her willingness to do anything for her family and children are revealed in the analysis.

ANTHROPOLOGICAL TEACHING OF FENG YULAN IN THE CONTEXT OF PHILOSOPHICAL DISCOURSE

Emina Izzetova — 2024-11-07

The main leitmotif of the study is the anthropological, ethical, praxeological, methodological aspects of the philosophical views of Feng Yulan, the founder of post-Confucianism. A comprehensive analysis of the ontological and existential principles of the anthropological teachings of Feng Yulan was carried out, based on his works "A New Treatise on the Nature of Man", "A Brief History of Chinese Philosophy". The emphasis is placed on four levels of the evolution of ideas about the existence of man: natural-biological, moral-ethical, utilitarian-pragmatic, transcendental-cosmic. An innovative method that combines Western and Chinese philosophical traditions is analyzed, and its significance for the history of Chinese philosophical thought is determined. In this context, the role of linguistic symbols, categories and concepts for understanding the epistemological facets of the anthropological teachings of Feng Yulan is shown.

The dialectic of the relationship between heaven, earth and man, which in traditional Chinese philosophy was defined as the main force, the presence of each of which was necessary for the Universe, is revealed. The ideological continuity is traced in the philosophy of Feng Yulan, for whom the trinity "heaven-earth-man" is the cosmic hidden forces that create the Universe. The article draws an analogy in solving the problem of a person within the framework of the teachings of M. Heidegger and F. Yulan, reveals existential aspects in understanding a person. Two principles are revealed in F.Yulan's concept of man: “virtuous principles” and “natural principle according to the will of heaven”. The elements that bring humans closer to animals are determined: instincts, physiological needs (“sensuality”). An interpretation of the concept of "human heart" is given, which reflects the individual, unique qualities of the nature of an individual.

The relevance of the problem under study is due to: firstly, the imperfection of the spirituality of the modern world, therefore philosophers, scientists are increasingly turning to the problems of improving the essence of man and harmonizing his relations with society and the outside world; secondly, a person becomes the source of all the problems of the neo-globalism era and, accordingly, the concepts of a person developed by thinkers of Eastern and Western philosophy become the core around which all theoretical and applied research is concentrated; thirdly, it is the “East-West” synthesis that will be able to restore perfection to a person, will be able to heal human nature, restore a holistic picture of the world.

PRESENTATION OF WORDS EXPRESSING NEGATIVITY IN URDU LANGUAGE TRANSLATIONS OF UZBEK PROSE EXAMPLES

Mohira Umarova — 2024-11-07

This article discusses the issues of lexical units expressing negativity - curses, curses and similar words and their translations. In world and Uzbek linguistics and translation studies, works and studies devoted to this problem are presented. The novel "Starry Nights" by P. Kadyrov and the stories "Shum Bola" ("Mischief Maker") by G. Gulyam were chosen as literary sources. Also, examples of swearing, cursing and general negativism taken from these works are compared and analyzed with their variants in Urdu and, in some cases, in Russian. During the analysis, attention is paid to the skill of the translator, the techniques used in translating the quoted words, their relevance, and if inappropriate, the ways of possible translation. The article provides information about the role of religion, national mentality and lifestyle in the translation of swear words and how these factors are expressed in Uzbek and Urdu languages. Gender issues are also touched upon in such words. It is also proved by examples that if a woman expresses more curses in her communication, then a man's speech is characterized by a large number of insults and curses.

In the speech of representatives of both countries, insults are observed using the word "animal" or animal names, while the names of animals are chosen based on the nationality, religion and ideological views of that country, it is in the novel "Starry Nights" and in the story "Noise Bola" that such words are translated using the method of analogy, and the author of the article believes that that the translation is appropriate.

THE METHODIST CHARACTERISTICS OF HALDUN TANNER'S DRAMAS

Mehriniso Kayumova — 2024-10-31

This article analyzes the peculiar stylistics of the plays of Khaldun Taner, a well-known representative of modern Turkish dramaturgy. Such dramas as "Günün Adamı" ("Man of the Day", 1957), "Dışardakiler" ("Outsiders", 1957), "Ve Değirmen Dönerdi" ("The Mill was still spinning", 1958), "Fazilet Eczanesi" ("Fazilet Pharmacy", 1960), "Lütfen Dokunmayın" ("Please don't touch", 1961). are analyzed. The basis of the plot of his works was the inter-characteristic conflicts of his contemporaries and the description of the life of opposing heroes. Taner, like Bertold Brecht, in his dramas follows the method of "alienation" initially, which is the main feature of the "epic theater". This is the peculiarity of Taner's dramaturgy, the requirement to encourage the viewer to reflect, analyze, and judge. Taner's merit in drama was that, following the rules of epic drama, he enriched his works with national theatrical traditions close to the people and successfully brought them to the attention of the audience. Taner brings Brecht's traditions to Turkish drama, in particular in the cabaret theater, but at the same time does not set out to imitate European culture or any other people, but uses the introduction of new modern styles of drama for the development of the Turkish national theater.

The article explores the fact that Taner's epic plays and dramas for cabaret are deeply political and at the same time philosophical plays.

THE IMPORTANCE OF ADMINISTRATIVE COMMUNICATIONS IN THE FORMATION OF SOCIETY AND NATION IN EASTERN COUNTRIES

Muhabbat Saliyeva — 2024-11-07

In the article, the achievements of the peoples of the East in the Middle Ages had a strong influence on all areas of artistic thought: from mathematics and astronomy to poetry and prose, in the works of famous European scientists and writers who worked during the Renaissance, the Holy Quran and hadiths, representatives of science and education, who lived in Khorezm, Bukhara and Samarkand., there are many references to the scientific and literary environment, content and genres, sofas and rubais, letters written in Arabic and Persian, including the words "algebra" and "medicine". The study of Middle Eastern culture is becoming increasingly relevant in the era of globalization. As a result of media attacks, the spiritual and moral norms that have been established in the life of mankind are gradually being eroded, and humanity is moving into the era of post-existence (post-existence). After Daniel Bell, the word "fast" became popular. The concepts of post-industrial society, postmodernism, posthuman future (posthuman future), postmodernity (postmodernity) are widely used. So, the complexity of the modern era is also expressed in the fact that under the influence of modern international and national mass media, in a certain sense, the significance of values that have been formed over many centuries is undermined. Therefore, one of the important tasks of the day is to once again turn to the experience of the Middle Ages, to fully assimilate the positive results and cultural values that have passed the test of millennia, and to effectively use humanitarian ideas. This problem becomes relevant precisely because cosmopolitanism is on the rise, and this is an ideology that serves the interests of the West.

FEATURES OF THE USE OF TERMS IN POLITICAL DISCOURSE OF THE CHINESE LANGUAGE

Supportscience Supportscience — 2024-11-07

The article discusses the main aspects that make it difficult to translate the PRC political texts. The specificity of political discourse is reflected, and the tasks that an interpreter faces when working with political texts, which are a form of updating political discourse, are analyzed. Representatives of a large number of sciences are interested in the discourse, and its political variety, including, therefore, this article will make it possible to draw up a more multifaceted idea of this phenomenon. The article reveals the features of political discourse and linguistic analysis of the text, taking into account the specifics of linguistics and national, cultural characteristics of the Chinese language. The cultural environment with its specifics and historical memory influences the political language, the components traditional for Chinese political culture are an integral part of the modern image of the state.

Scientists connect China's successes in the field of international cultural and humanitarian cooperation with the implementation of the soft power concept.

TRANSLATION OF CHINESE LITERATURE FROM RUSSIAN TO UZBEK: LAO SHE’S “A TALE OF THE CAT CITY”

Feruza Karieva — 2024-11-07

This article focuses on the history of Uzbek literature translation development, especially the interpretation and introduction of Chinese literature in Uzbekistan. The development process can be divided into several historical eras: early translations, Soviet influence, and post-Soviet development of literary translation. The first translations of many Persian and Arabic works into Uzbek appeared in Uzbekistan from the 14th to 19th centuries. Unfortunately, there was no evidence of the translation of Chinese literature into the Uzbek language. During the Soviet Union period, Russian influenced Uzbek culture and literature. The introduction of Chinese literature was mainly based on Russian translations, and there were some interpretations of Chinese literature from Russian into Uzbek. Upon Uzbekistan’s Independence, the translation of Chinese literature into the Uzbek language was increased and developed.

This paper intends to analyze the translation and introduction of Chinese literature in Uzbekistan from beginning to end, using a comparative method of two translations of Lao She. It is believed to promote cultural exchanges and mutual understanding between Uzbekistan and China.

THE MOTIF OF "LONELINESS" IN THE NOVEL "SASSIZ UY" BY ORKHAN PAMUQ

Dilbarxon Asadova — 2024-11-07

This scientific article reveals the motif of loneliness in the novel "Silent House" by Orkhan Pamuk, one of the leading representatives of Turkish postmodern literature. The article discusses the most important features of the postmodern text. It is known that in the last half century, postmodernism has taken place in the agenda of fiction as well as in all fields of science. In the postmodern text, everything appears as a game. Historical and fictional, social and moral motives are presented by the author as a game.The article reveals the feelings of love and hatred felt by the heroes of the novel "Silent House" against each other. The novel "Silent House" is the writer's second novel. The main theme of the novel is love. In the novel, each episode is narrated in the first person from a character's point of view. One of the characteristics of the postmodern novel is the multiplicity of narrators and polyphony in the novel "Silent House". The main idea of the novel is aimed at solving the problem of "loneliness" and consists of the intersection of fates of a whole generation at different levels of loneliness.Many of the love stories in the play are made up of generalizations that end in despair, depression, or anguish.

The novel "Silent House" is Orkhan Pamuk's work that started the postmodern novelistic tradition. The main idea of Orkhan Pamuk's work is to solve the problem of conflicts between Eastern and Western cultures. This major conflict, which holds the main idea of the writer's work, includes several other conflicts such as conservatism and liberalism, Islam and Christianity, values and popular culture.Orkhan Pamuk's novels can be said to be texts whose purpose is to create a unique Turkish postmodern novel tradition. The writer uses a unique structure in each of his works, he is not afraid to take motifs from previous literary sources. He reworks old motifs and skillfully uses them to reveal his ideas and convey his thoughts to the reader.

SOCIAL NETWORKS AND THEIR CLASSIFICATION IN CHINESE SOCIETY

Shaxnoza Muxamedjanova — 2024-11-07

This article is about social network content and its analysis in Chinese. It is very difficult to imagine our present day without social networks. It has become an integral part of human society. naturally, China is not an exception. The software of our article, as a network of social articles, is absorbed into all the sources of the society, the flow of digital innovation is information, products, and support is a factor in creating comfort for a person in society. While talking about the advantage of social network in human life, it is recognized as a means of communication, i.e. as a good tool for making friends, gathering information, and keeping up with news, but it is also emphasized that it cannot be equal to live communication. In the article, we considered the social frameworks used in Chinese society and their differences and advantages. In this article, we have revealed what each social site can be used for.

XX ASR 70–80-YILLAR XITOY ADABIY JARAYONLARIDA DRAMATURGIYA

Shaxnoza Komilova — 2024-11-07

The process of the emergence of Chinese drama, the factors of its formation, the development of the genre and the work of playwrights who contributed to its development are studied in a scientific aspect. By the beginning of the XX century, there were updates, changes in ideological orientation, content, and form. Due to the economic, social and spiritual changes taking place in society by this time, complex processes were taking place in the national art. The crisis situation that has developed in the traditional theater has served as an impetus to the active study of foreign culture and, accordingly, to the development of a new look of drama and theater. This art came to China from the West along with revolutionary democratic ideas. This article is devoted to the study of the improvement of dramaturgy in Chinese literature in the70- 80s of the XX century, the work of a number of playwrights who contributed to its development, as well as the influence of translated literature.

THEORETICAL AND IDEOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE CONCEPT OF "TWO REALITIES" IN THE PHILOSOPHICAL VIEWS OF IBN RUSHD

Iroda Ikramova — 2024-11-07

The spiritual harmony of the Middle Ages East and West, as a special necessity, created such individuals who were able to unite several continents at once. For example, the great Arab-Spanish philosopher Ibn Rushd is not only a great philosopher, but he is a bridge connecting Africa and Asia, Asia and Europe, Christianity and Islam. Moreover, Europe rediscovered itself thanks to Ibn Rushd. By translating the works of the great Greek philosophers from Arabic to Spanish, he introduced European peoples to the philosophy of Plato and Aristotle, the founders of Greek culture. And in Averroism, the embers of knowledge and reason were brought to light for the first time. This scientific thinking led to the emergence of great intellectuals such as Descartes, Spinoza, and Leibniz. Ibn Rushd is the last major representative of the Eastern school of Peripateticism associated with the term "philosophy" in the medieval Muslim world. He concluded the development of rational and naturalistic worldviews during Eastern Peripateticism.

This article highlights Ibn Rushd's view that religion and philosophy are parallel to each other and that they are the result of the same phenomena as mutually equal logical views that do not contradict each other. The theoretical and ideological foundations of Ibn Rushd's concept of "Two Truths" based on these conclusions are presented. Also, the issue that worries philosophers and theologians alike, various opinions on the harmony of religion and philosophy are presented and comparatively analyzed. We believe that the ideas of medieval philosophers can still influence the debate between religion and philosophy.

ARABIC AND UZBEK PROVERBS FORMED BASED ON ISLAMIC SOURCES

Umida Tadjiyeva — 2024-11-07

After the Holy Qur'an was revealed, it was the "language of the Qur'an" and its stylistics that served as a supreme example for Arabic literary sources. It should also be mentioned that it was Islam and the Holy Qur'an that caused the spread of the Arabic language and phraseology throughout the world. Many verses of the Holy Quran contain wise words and phrases that can be relevant for every nation and time. The verses in it talk about the highest example of humanity, relationship with others, correct understanding of life, kindness and justice. They began to be used in the Arabic language as a philosophy of life, as proverbs and proverbs in the human language. Below are examples of such proverbs and sayings:

إن مع العسر يسرا

Indeed, with difficulty comes relief. (Holy Quran, 94:5).

After the Holy Qur'an, the most sacred book for the Muslim world is the hadith. Hadith is an example of the words and deeds of our prophet Muhammad (pbuh). Hadiths are programs that teach people to do good by following the rules of Islam. Just like the verses of the Qur'an, the hadiths have been passed down from generation to generation in the form of proverbs and sayings of the Arab people.